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1.
Motrivivência (Florianópolis) ; 34(65): {1-19}, 20220316.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379125

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como se constituiu o encontro esportivo Undokai dos nipo-brasileiros em Ivoti/Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no início do século XXI. Realizou-se uma coleta de informações, principalmente em jornais, os quais foram submetidos à técnica da análise documental. Evidenciou-se que o Undokai foi instituído como uma das formas de preservar a cultura do grupo de nipo-brasileiros residentes na cidade de Ivoti. A despeito das dificuldades enfrentadas nos primeiros tempos, tais tradições não foram submergidas com o movimento migratório. Por meio de encontros esportivos, este grupo também buscou distinguir-se diante de diferentes grupos étnicos que compunham a sociedade em que estavam inseridos.


The aim of this study is to understand how the Japanese Undokai sporting event was instituted in Ivoti/Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the early 21st century. A collection of information was carried out mainly in documentary sources, which were submitted to the technique of documentary analysis. It was evidenced that the Undokai was instituted as one of the ways to preserve the culture of the group of Japanese-Brazilians residing in the city of Ivoti. Despite the difficulties encountered in the early days, such traditions were not submerged by the migratory movement. Therefore, through sporting meetings, this group also sought to distinguish itself from different ethnic groups that made up the society in which they were inserted.


El objetivo de este estudio es comprender cómo se instituyó el encuentro deportivo Undokai de japoneses-brasileños en Ivoti/Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, a principios del siglo XXI. Se recopiló información, principalmente de periódicos, que fueron sometidos a la técnica de análisis documental. Era evidente que el Undokai se estableció como una de las formas de preservar la cultura del grupo japonés-brasileño residente en la ciudad de Ivoti. A pesar de las dificultades enfrentadas en los primeros días, estas tradiciones no fueron sumergidas con el movimiento migratorio. A través de encuentros deportivos, este grupo también buscó distinguirse frente a las diferentes etnias que conformaban la sociedad en la que se insertaba.

2.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(4): 815-819, Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124859

ABSTRACT

The skull is a reliable structure for determining the sex of an adult individual; it is generally resistant in adverse conditions, allowing it to be used for the analysis of sexual dimorphism. In the present study we analysed 10 non-metric characteristics of skulls of Brazilian adult individuals in order to: Determine the strength of association between sex and the morphological characteristics of the skull, the morphological characteristic(s) with greatest diagnostic influence for sex, and analyse whether the morphological characteristics of the skull predict sex. The study included 179 macerated skulls of Brazilian adults, (69 female, 110 male). The sex of all the skulls included was identified. The investigators were calibrated prior to analysis and all the evaluations were carried out under blinding. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used. The sensitivity and specificity were analysed and a ROC curve was constructed. Binary logistic regression was carried out. The SPSS v.22 software was used, with a significance threshold of 5 %. All the characteristics analysed presented statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The frontal profile, the superciliary arch and the glabella presented the greatest sensitivity, best balance between sensitivity and specificity and greatest area under curve. The regression model with the frontal profile, superciliary arch and mastoid process was significant [X2(2) = 115,728 p=0.000, R2 Negelkerke=0.657], and presented correct sex classification in 90 % of cases (Males: 87.4 %; Females: 83.1 %). In unknown individuals for whom the skull is present, non-metric analysis of the frontal profile, superciliary arch, mastoid process and glabella can be used as instruments for sex identification.


El cráneo es una estructura confiable para la determinación sexual de un individuo adulto y suele ser resistente en condiciones adversas, por lo que puede ser utilizado para el análisis del dimorfismo sexual. En el presente estudio analizamos 10 características no métricas de cráneos de individuos brasileños adultos a fin de determinar la fuerza de asociación entre el sexo y características morfológicas del cráneo; determinar la(s) característica(s) morfológica(s) con mejor poder para diagnosticar el sexo; y analizar si las características morfológicas del cráneo son previsoras del sexo. Fueron incluidos 179 cráneos macerados de brasileños adultos, (69 femeninos, 110 masculinos). Todos los cráneos incluidos presentaban identificación de sexo. Los investigadores fueron previamente calibrados y todas las evaluaciones fueron realizadas de forma ciega. Se utilizó la prueba de Chicuadrado de Pearson. Se analizó la sensibilidad y especificidad y se construyó una curva ROC. Se realizó regresión logística binaria. Se utilizó el software SPSS v.22, considerando umbral de significación de 5 %. Todas las características analizadas presentaron diferencias estadísticas significativas (p<0,05). El perfil frontal, el arco superciliar y la glabela fueron las características que presentaron mayor sensibilidad, mejor equilibrio sensibilidad/especificidad y mayor area under curve. El modelo de regresión con el perfil frontal, arco superciliar y proceso mastoides fue significativo [X2(2) = 115,728 p=0.000, R2 Negelkerke=0,657], y presentó una clasificación sexual correcta de 90 % (Males; 87,4 %; Females: 83,1 %). En individuos desconocidos en los cuales esté presente el cráneo, el análisis no-métrico del perfil frontal, del arco superciliar, del proceso mastoides y de la glabela pueden ser utilizados como herramienta para identificación sexual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skull/anatomy & histology , Sex Determination by Skeleton/methods , Brazil , Logistic Models , Predictive Value of Tests , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(12): 4587-4592, dez. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055732

ABSTRACT

Resumo Na entrevista, Marco Américo Lucchesi, professor Titular de Literatura Comparada da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), professor convidado da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), membro e presidente da Academia Brasileira de Letras, apresenta sua percepção da crise atual e do impacto sobre a consolidação da democracia brasileira. Com base em suas experiências como intelectual crítico e atuante, comenta os ataques que assistimos, no Brasil, à cultura e à produção de conhecimento. Ao mesmo tempo, lembra que nenhuma democracia se configura como uma realidade ontológica terminada e ressalta o papel das escolas e universidades na mobilização da cidadania e na difusão de valores republicanos. Frente à constatação de que vivemos uma profunda mudança de registro cultural, aponta algumas conquistas que se expressam, por exemplo, pela presença de índios e negros nas universidades. Reconhecendo o pedido de socorro imerso em todas as crises,convoca-nos a reavivar o sonho e a coragem, combustíveis da utopia, e defende a suspensão das distinções em favor da formação de uma frente democrática e solidária. São análises e convocações que se pautam, o tempo todo, numa firme confiança na potência e na capacidade de resistência da cultura.


Abstract In this interview, Marco Américo Lucchesi, Tenured Professor of Comparative Literature at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), visiting professor of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), and member and president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, outlines his perception of the current crisis and the impact on the consolidation of Brazilian democracy. Based on his experiences as a critic and intellectual, he comments on the attacks on culture and the production of knowledge that we have witnessed in Brazil. He reminds us that no democracy is a fully-fledged ontological reality and highlights the role of schools and universities in mobilizing citizenship and spreading republican values. He highlights some achievements that are expressed by the presence of Indians and African Brazilians in universities. Acknowledging the call for help inherent in every crisis, he calls upon us to revive the dream and courage and advocates the suspension of distinctions in favor of forming a front of democracy and solidarity. These are analyses and convocations that are based, at all times, on a firm confidence in the power and capacity of resilience of culture.

4.
Motrivivência (Florianópolis) ; 30(56): 120-139, Dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-968719

ABSTRACT

Na colônia japonesa da cidade de Ivoti, no Rio Grande do Sul, destacam-se as práticas corporais de lutas e, dentre estas, o sumô. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar como se sucedeu a prática do sumô em Ivoti, desde as primeiras manifestações, na década de 1960, até meados da década de 2010. Para esse fim, foram analisadas fontes impressas, iconográficas e uma fonte oral. A partir do cotejamento e da interpretação das informações foi possível depreender que, através da prática do sumô, de suas representações e adaptações, os nipo-brasileiros de Ivoti buscaram preservar práticas culturais de seus antepassados, vinculando a arte marcial específica, bem como os momentos sociais atrelados a ela, a uma tradição familiar. Neste cenário, a Associação Cultural e Esportiva Nipo-Brasileira de Ivoti (ACENB) constitui-se em local privilegiado para a promoção do sumô, bem como à manutenção e negociação de representações de identidade.


In the Japonese colony of the city Ivoti, Rio Grande do Sul, the corporal practices of wrestling stand out, among them sumo. The present study aims to investigate how the the practice of sumo occurred in Ivoti, since the firsts manifestations, in the 1960s, until the the mid-2010. For this purpose, printed sources, iconographic sources and an oral source were analyzed. From the collating and interpretation of the information it was possible to understand that, through the practice of sumo and its representations and adaptations, the Japanese-Brazilians of Ivoti sought to preserve cultural practices of their ancestors, linking the specific martial art, just as social moments tied to it, to a family tradition. In this scenario, the Associação Cultural e Esportiva Nipo-Brasileira de Ivoti (ACENB) appears as a privileged space to the development of sumo and the maintenance and negotiation of identity representations.


En la colonia japonesa de la ciudad de Ivoti, en Rio Grande do Sul, destacan las prácticas corporales de luchas y, entre ellas, el sumo. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo investigar cómo se sucedió la práctica del sumo en Ivoti, desde las primeras manifestaciones, en la década de 1960, hasta mediados de la década de 2010. Para ese fin, se analizaron fuentes impresas, iconográficas y una fuente oral. A partir del cotejo y de la interpretación de las informaciones fue posible deducir que, a través de la práctica del sumo, de su s representaciones y adaptaciones, los nipo-brasileños de Ivoti buscaron preservar prácticas culturales de de sus antepasados, vinculando el arte marcial específico, así como los momentos sociales articulados con ella, a una tradición familiar. En este escenario, la Associação Cultural e Esportiva Nipo-Brasileira de Ivoti (ACENB) aparece como local privilegiado para la promoción del sumo y el mantenimiento y negociación de representaciones de identidad.


Subject(s)
Sports/history , Wrestling , Emigrants and Immigrants , Brazil , Japan
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. esporte ; 39(3): 247-253, jul.-set. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-898014

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo apresenta a discussão sobre as possibilidades do trato com as questões étnicas na educação física da rede municipal de ensino de Porto Alegre. Ele é parte de uma dissertação cujo tema é a educação física e as questões étnico-raciais e tem como objetivo analisar os dados que emergiram através de um estudo de caso etnográfico. Ele relata a experiência de um professor da rede municipal de Porto Alegre que usa os valores civilizatórios afro-brasileiros como metodologia de trabalho para estruturar sua prática pedagógica.


Abstract This article discusses the possibilities of dealing with racial ethnic issues in Physical Education in the municipal Porto Alegre primary schools. It is part of a master's degree thesis whose aim was to look into physical education and racial ethnic issues and analyze the data that emerged through an ethnographic case study. It reports the experience of a Porto Alegre municipal teacher who uses African Brazilian civilizing values as a pedagogical method to structure his teaching practice.


Resumen En este artículo se presenta un debate sobre las posibilidades de hacer frente a las cuestiones étnicas y raciales en educación física en las escuelas municipales de Porto Alegre. Forma parte de un trabajo de tesis cuyo tema es la educación física y los problemas raciales y étnicos, y tiene como objetivo analizar los datos que surgieron en un estudio de caso etnográfico. Explica la experiencia de un maestro público de Porto Alegre que utiliza los valores civilizadores afrobrasileños como método de trabajo para estructurar su práctica docente.

6.
Movimento (Porto Alegre) ; 21(1): 193-204, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-834926

ABSTRACT

Este estudo analisa a legalidade do ensino da cultura afro-brasileira, a partir das relações entre a singularidade da aplicação da Lei nº10. 639/03, inserida no particular do trabalho pedagógico do professor de Educação Física, que vem se alocar com as relações gerais das políticas educacionais. Para tal desafio, problematizamos o contexto das escolas municipais de Bagé-RS, utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo bibliográfico e grupo focal. Constatamos que a referida lei representa uma política educacional que legitima uma sociedade de classe, uma vez que propõe inclusão em uma sociedade cuja estrutura é desigual e excludente.


This study examines the legality of teaching African-Brazilian culture, from the relationships between the uniqueness of the application of Law no. 10.639/03, in the context of PE teachers’ pedagogical work, which in turn is linked to general relations in educational policies. To face this challenge, we debate the context of public schools in Bagé, Brazil, using bibliographical content analysis and focus groups. We found that the law is an educational policy that legitimizes class society as it proposes inclusion in a society whose structure is inequitable and exclusionary.


Este estudio examina la legalidad de la enseñanza de la cultura afrobrasileña a partir de las relaciones entre la singularidad de la aplicación de la Ley nº 10.639/03, inserta en el particular del trabajo pedagógico del maestro de Educación Física, que se ha sumado a las relaciones generales de las políticas educativas. Para este desafío, se problematizó el contexto de las escuelas públicas en Bagé (RS), utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido biográfico y la de grupo focal. Constatamos que la mencionada ley representa una política educativa que legitima la sociedad de clases, ya que propone la inclusión en una sociedad cuya estructura es desigual y excluyente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Africa , Brazil , Culture , Physical Education and Training , Public Policy
7.
Rev. psicol. organ. trab ; 14(2): 139-152, jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-717716

ABSTRACT

A teoria de Valores Básicos, validada em diversos países, tem apresentado diferentes configurações empíricas, de acordo com a população e amostra pesquisada. No Brasil, alguns estudos foram realizados, porém com amostras não representativas, não havendo convergência entre os resultados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a estrutura empírica dos valores dos brasileiros, a partir de uma amostra representativa, totalizando 3.774 respondentes. Os dados foram coletados face a face por meio de entrevistadores que aplicaram a escala Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21). O tratamento de dados consistiu na análise confirmatória do escalonamento multidimensional tendo por base uma matriz de desenho específica para aplicação à teoria de valores básicos. Com base em estudos anteriores, elaboraram-se três hipóteses de pesquisa quanto ao agrupamento e distribuição dos valores na estrutura empírica, as quais foram parcialmente corroboradas. Os valores de benevolência localizaram-se na parte interna do círculo e os de universalismo, na parte externa; os valores de hedonismo e estimulação associaram-se em uma única região; os valores de conformidade assumiram região adjacente aos valores de tradição e segurança. A distribuição circular dos valores sugere que a matriz empírica dos valores dos brasileiros tende a assumir características de sociedades econômica e socialmente desenvolvidas...


The Basic Values Theory has been validated in various countries. Depending on the respective population and sample, however, somewhat different empirical configurations have been found. In Brazil, some studies have been conducted, though with unrepresentative samples, and their results do not converge. This study aimed to analyze the empirical structure of Brazilians' values, using a representative sample, with 3,774 respondents. Data were collected face-to-face by interviewers who applied the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21). Data analysis consisted of confirmatory multidimensional scaling based on a specific design matrix derived from the Basic Values Theory. Based on previous studies, three research hypotheses were proposed that related to the grouping and distribution of the values in the empirical structures. These hypotheses were partially supported. Benevolence values were located inside the circle, and those of Universalism toward the outside. The values of Hedonism and Stimulation collapsed into a single region. Conformity values filled the region adjacent to the values of Tradition and Security. The circular distribution of values suggests that the empirical structure of Brazilians' values tends to assume features of economically and socially developed societies...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Values , Philosophy , Surveys and Questionnaires
8.
Gerais ; 7(1): [2-15], 01/06/2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882492

ABSTRACT

A experiência de expatriação permite ao indivíduo expatriado viver e trabalhar em um país diferente do seu. Ao interagir com o ambiente local podem ocorrer situações distintas das que estava habituado em seu país de origem, que podem ser geradoras de estresse. Surge, então, a capacidade do indivíduo de lidar positivamente com essas situações caracterizando o comportamento resiliente. Com o objetivo de analisar o processo de resiliência de brasileiros expatriados na Índia, este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com brasileiros na Índia, que foram analisadas sob a técnica de análise de conteúdo. As categorias de análise definidas foram: aspectos fisiológicos, comunicacionais, profissionais e comportamento resiliente. Como resultados, ressalta-se que os fatores estressores estavam relacionados a aspectos pertencentes à cultura do país de expatriação. Dentre as ações que caracterizam o comportamento resiliente destacaram-se: adaptação positiva; aceitação de ajuda e apoio; reflexão; e aprendizagem.


The expatriation experience allows the expatriate to live and to work in another country. As the individual interacts with the local environment, there may be different situations from his home country that can be stressful. So, emerge the individual's ability to deal positively with these situations characterizing the resilient behavior. Aiming to analyze the resilience process in Brazilians expatriates in India, this study consists in a qualitative and exploratory research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Brazilian expatriates in India, which were analyzed with the technique of content analysis. The analysis categories defined were: physiological aspects, communication aspects, professional aspects and resilient behavior. As a result, it is noteworthy that stressors were related to aspects related to the culture of the expatriation country. Among the actions that characterize the resilient behavior were highlighted: positive adaptation, accepting help and support from family, friends and coworkers, reflection and learning.

9.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 21(1): 218-236, Jan-Mar/2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-707072

ABSTRACT

Analisa os processos de transformação cultural no Brasil realizados por imigrantes europeus e japoneses, que trouxeram padrões culturais e identidades distintas e se transformaram pela interação com a(s) cultura(s) da sociedade receptora. Tomando como exemplo o estado do Paraná, o artigo oferece um mosaico de culturas em transição por meio do estudo de micro-histórias. Aborda o enfrentamento entre austro-poloneses e austro-ucranianos com os índios botocudos; o discurso de Alberto Frič sobre as perseguições bugreiras no 16o Congresso Internacional de Americanistas em Viena; a colonização no norte do Paraná por europeus; a imigração japonesa como um elemento do “outro exótico”, assim como os conflitos políticos na colônia pluriétnica de Rolândia.


This paper analyzes the processes of cultural transformation in Brazil resulting from European and Japanese immigrants, who brought cultural patterns and distinct identities and were transformed by interaction with the culture of the host country. Taking the example of the state of Paraná, the article offers a mosaic of cultures in transition through the study of micro-stories. It addresses the clash between Austro-Polish and Austro-Ukrainian immigrants with Botocudos Indians; the discourse of Alberto Frič on persecution against indigenous Brazilian Indians at the 16th International Congress of Americanists in Vienna; the colonization in northern Paraná by Europeans; Japanese immigration as an element of the “exotic other,” as well as political conflicts in the pluriethnic colony of Rolândia.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Humans , Emigrants and Immigrants/history , Ethnicity/history , Brazil , Europe/ethnology , Indians, South American , Japan/ethnology
10.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(6): 464-472, ago. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685409

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação entre consumo de alimentos embutidos e obesidade generalizada, abdominal e generalizada com abdominal em nipo-brasileiros de Bauru, SP. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Quatrocentos e quarenta e três mulheres e 329 homens nipo-brasileiros não miscigenados (≥ 30 anos) foram avaliados em estudo transversal de base populacional. Para o diagnóstico de obesidade, foram empregados os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde para asiáticos. A ingestão de alimentos foi avaliada por meio de questionário de frequência alimentar validado. A ingestão foi estratificada em terços para análise. RESULTADOS: Nos homens, a ingestão de colesterol e alimentos embutidos mostrou-se positivamente associada à obesidade generalizada com abdominal quando o primeiro terço de ingestão foi comparado ao último, após ajustes (OR 2,97; IC95% 1,13-7,78). Em mulheres, somente o grupo das carnes vermelhas associou-se à obesidade geral com abdominal após ajustes (OR 0,47; IC95% 0,23-0,96). CONCLUSÃO: Ingestão elevada de alimentos embutidos associou-se à obesidade generalizada com adiposidade abdominal em homens nipo-brasileiros, mas não em mulheres.


OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of processed meat with overall, abdominal, and overall with abdominal obesity in a Japanese-Brazilian population, which is known to be at cardiometabolic risk. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 329 men and 443 women aged ≥ 30 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional population-based survey. Diagnosis of overall obesity and abdominal obesity were based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for Asians. Food intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionaire. RESULTS: In men, processed meat intake was positively associated with overall with abdominal obesity (OR 2.97; 95%CI 1.13-7.78) after adjustment. In women, only the red meat group was associated with overall with abdominal obesity after adjustment (OR 0.47, 95%CI 0.23-0.96). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that high intakes of processed meats were associated with overall with abdominal obesity in male Japanese-Brazilians, but not in females.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dietary Fats/adverse effects , Meat Products/adverse effects , Meat/adverse effects , Obesity/etiology , Asian People , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feeding Behavior , Japan/ethnology , Lipids/adverse effects , Lipids/blood , Obesity, Abdominal/etiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Sex Distribution , Surveys and Questionnaires , Waist-Hip Ratio
11.
Journal of International Health ; : 213-223, 2012.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-374176

ABSTRACT

<B>Introduction</B><BR>The use of medicines among Brazilian workers in Japan has not been documented. This study examines the preferences and use of medicines among Brazilian workers of Japanese origin in Japan.<BR><B>Methods</B><BR>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2011 in a community in Nagoya, where many Brazilian workers lived. Questionnaires were distributed to 206 Brazilian households, and asked about preferences and use of Japanese or Brazilian medicines. Associations with socioeconomic factors were analyzed using Fisher's exact test.<BR><B>Results</B><BR>The response rate was 36% (74 households). Of these, 66% had lived in Japan for over 10 years, and 88% held health insurance. Over 80% reported a preference for Japanese medicines. However, Brazilian medicines were used in more than 40% of the households. Employed Brazilians tend to use Brazilian medicines compared to the unemployed. Most respondents answered that Brazilian medicines were more effective, but were more expensive and produced worse side effect than Japanese medicines.<BR>Households with children showed a preference for Japanese medicines for children's illnesses. However, more Brazilian medicines were used when the length of household's stay in Japan was less than 10 years, and when the respondent's perceived listening ability of Japanese language was poor.<BR><B>Conclusion</B><BR>Almost all respondents were using the medicines they preferred, suggesting that access to medicine was generally good in the community. However, 40% of respondents used Brazilian medicines, despite their long stay in Japan, their health insurance status, and their recognition of Japanese medicines as inexpensive and safe. This might be explained by familiarity with Brazilian medicines, or perception of their effectiveness.<BR>Continuous self-administration of medicines without consultation has potential harm to the health. This study also suggests the importance of arranging social environments such as facilitating the taking of sick leaves, so that immigrant workers can secure their access to health services.

12.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 14(3): 531-536, set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-604625

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Os grupos de alimentos convencionalmente empregados em atividades de orientação nutricional foram estabelecidos de acordo com o seu teor de macronutrientes. Entretanto, não contemplam as evidências científicas recentes da associação entre consumo alimentar e risco de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. OBJETIVO: Elaborar uma proposta de agrupamento de alimentos para a investigação da associação entre consumo alimentar e risco de desenvolvimento de diabetes tipo 2 e doenças associadas, em Nipo-Brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Análise transversal dos dados da linha de base de um estudo de intervenção no estilo de vida conduzido entre Nipo-Brasileiros de Bauru, SP, entre 2005 e 2007. A avaliação do consumo alimentar deu-se por meio da análise de três inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas em 640 indivíduos, ambos os sexos, idade entre 30 e 88 anos. RESULTADOS: Foram propostos 18 novos grupos de alimentos considerando-se o teor e qualidade das gorduras e carboidratos, sódio e fibras CONCLUSÃO: Os novos grupos de alimentos incorporam evidências recentes da associação entre dieta e desenvolvimento de diabetes tipo 2.


INTRODUCTION: The food groups conventionally applied in activities of nutritional counseling were established according to their macronutrient content. However, it does not consider recent scientific evidences of the association between food consumption and risk of developing non-communicable chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To propose food groups for the investigation of the association between food consumption and risk of developing type 2 diabetes and associated diseases among Japanese-Brazilians. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a lifestyle intervention study conducted among Japanese-Brazilians of Bauru, SP, Brazil, from 2005 to 2007. Food intake was assessed by three 24-hour recalls of 640 participants, both genders, aged 30 to 88 years old. RESULTS: Eighteen new food groups were proposed according to their quantity and quality of fat, carbohydrates, sodium, and fiber. CONCLUSION: The new food groups incorporate recent evidences of the association between diet and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , /epidemiology , Food , Asian People , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Assessment
13.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 55(2): 127-133, mar. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-586496

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the Japanese-Brazilian community of Mombuca in relation to risk factors (FR) for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 131 individuals of Japanese ancestry (69 percent first generation), aged 20 years or more, submitted to socio-cultural, anthropometric, and biochemistry evaluation. RESULTS: Of the individuals studied (n = 131, age = 55.1 ± 15.9 years), 58.8 percent were women. The prevalence of DM2 and IGT were 13.7 percent and 14.5 percent, respectively. Regarding RF, 76.3 percent presented dyslipidemia, 52.7 percent abdominal obesity, 48.1 percent arterial hypertension, and 42.3 percent whole body obesity. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of DM2, IGT, and RF in this Japanese-Brazilian community was higher than in the adult population of the city of Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil, suggesting an increase in risk conditions for these morbidities.


OBJETIVO: Estimar prevalências de diabetes melito tipo 2 (DM2) e tolerância à glicose diminuída (TGD) na comunidade de Mombuca, Guatapará, SP, relacionando-as com fatores de risco (FR) para diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 131 nipo-brasileiros (69 por cento de 1ª geração), idade > 20 anos, ambos os sexos, com avaliação sociocultural, antropométrica e bioquímica. RESULTADOS: Dos 131 participantes (idade média = 55,1 ± 15,9 anos), a maioria (58,8 por cento) era do sexo feminino. As prevalências de DM2 e TGD foram 13,7 por cento e 14,5 por cento, respectivamente. Em relação aos FR, 76,3 por cento apresentaram dislipidemia, 52,7 por cento, obesidade abdominal (OA), 48,1 por cento, hipertensão arterial (HA) e 42,3 por cento, obesidade geral. CONCLUSÕES: As prevalências de DM2, TGD e FR observadas nos nipo-brasileiros foram superiores aos valores da população adulta de Ribeirão Preto, SP, sugerindo acentuação de situações predisponentes dessas morbidades.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , /epidemiology , Glucose Tolerance Test , Anthropometry , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , /ethnology , Japan/ethnology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rural Population
14.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(3): 240-244, Mar. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-576075

ABSTRACT

Common variants of the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in different ethnic groups. The Japanese-Brazilian population has one of the highest prevalence rates of diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TCF7L2, rs7903146 and rs12255372, could predict the development of glucose intolerance in Japanese-Brazilians. In a population-based 7-year prospective study, we genotyped 222 individuals (72 males and 150 females, aged 56.2 ± 10.5 years) with normal glucose tolerance at baseline. In the study population, we found that the minor allele frequency was 0.05 for SNP rs7903146 and 0.03 for SNP rs12255372. No significant allele or genotype association with glucose intolerance incidence was found for either SNP. Haplotypes were constructed with these two SNPs and three haplotypes were defined: CG (frequency: 0.94), TT (frequency = 0.027) and TG (frequency = 0.026). None of the haplotypes provided evidence for association with the incidence of glucose intolerance. Despite no associations between incidence of glucose intolerance and SNPs of the TCF7L2 gene in Japanese-Brazilians, we found that carriers of the CT genotype for rs7903146 had significantly lower insulin levels 2 h after a 75-g glucose load than carriers of the CC genotype. In conclusion, in Japanese-Brazilians, a population with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, common TCF7L2 variants did not make major contributions to the incidence of glucose tolerance abnormalities.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Glucose Intolerance/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , /genetics , Asian People , Brazil , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Glucose Intolerance/ethnology , Incidence , Prospective Studies
15.
Cad. saúde pública ; 27(2): 369-378, fev. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598422

ABSTRACT

This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated risk factors among Japanese-Brazilians. We obtained data on demographic, health history, food intake, and laboratory variables. Chi-square and prevalence ratios were used as measures of association. 35.3 percent of the subjects presented hyperuricemia, which was more frequent in smokers, males, age > 55 years, with co-morbidities, individuals on uric acid-increasing medication, serum creatinine > 1.4mg/dL, high alcohol consumption, and low consumption of milk and dairy products. In the multivariate analysis, the associations remained significant with gender, overweight, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and use of specific drugs. Among males, low intake of saturated fat was associated with hyperuricemia. Individuals with hypertension showed a negative association with dairy product consumption. The high hyperuricemia prevalence suggests that changes in nutritional profile and control of associated co-morbidities could help minimize occurrence of this condition.


O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi estimar a prevalência de hiperuricemia e fatores associados entre nipo-brasileiros. Obtiveram-se informações sobre variáveis demográficas, de saúde, dietéticas e bioquímicas. O teste qui-quadrado e razões de prevalências foram utilizados como medidas de associação. 35,3 por cento dos sujeitos tinham hiperuricemia e esta acometeu, principalmente, tabagistas, homens, com faixa etária > 55 anos, com outras comorbidades, em uso de drogas hiperuricemiantes, com creatinina sérica elevada, com maior ingestão de álcool e menor de laticínios. Em análise múltipla permaneceram significantes as associações com o sexo, excesso de peso, obesidade central, hipertrigliceridemia e uso de medicamentos. Entre os homens, o menor consumo de gorduras saturadas associou-se à hiperuricemia. Entre hipertensos ocorreu associação negativa com o consumo de laticínios. A alta prevalência de hiperuricemia indica que mudanças no perfil nutricional e controle das comorbidades associadas podem contribuir para minimizar a ocorrência dessa anormalidade.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Asian People/statistics & numerical data , Diet/ethnology , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Hyperuricemia , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Surveys , Hyperuricemia , Hyperuricemia/ethnology , Japan/ethnology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
16.
Clinics ; 66(8): 1401-1406, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598383

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr virus exposure appears to be an environmental trigger for rheumatoid arthritis that interacts with other risk factors. Relationships among anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status have been observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from different populations. OBJECTIVE: To perform an association analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: In a case-control study, 140 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 143 healthy volunteers who were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity were recruited. Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and shared epitope alleles were identified by genotyping. Smoking information was collected from all subjects. A comparative analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status was performed in the patient group. Logistic regression analysis models were used to analyze the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. RESULTS: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies were not associated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, shared epitope alleles, or smoking status. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positivity was significantly higher in smoking patients with shared epitope alleles (OR = 3.82). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis using stepwise selection, only anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were found to be independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 247.9). CONCLUSION: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies did not increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and were not associated with the rheumatoid arthritis risk factors studied. Smoking and shared epitope alleles were correlated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Of the risk factors, only anticyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies were independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/etiology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/blood , Peptides, Cyclic/immunology , Smoking/adverse effects , Alleles , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epitopes/blood , Epitopes/immunology , Genotype , Risk Factors
17.
Cad. saúde pública ; 26(11): 2157-2167, nov. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-569282

ABSTRACT

We describe the use of factor analysis for assessing food habits in Japanese-Brazilians. Dietary data from 1,283 participants of a cross-sectional study were used. Besides statistical criteria, we also used the conceptual meaning of identified profiles to obtain scores for dietary patterns (Japanese or Western profile). Paired Student t test, linear regression and Poisson models were used to verify the existence of relationship between these scores and generation, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and presence of metabolic syndrome, respectively. First generation subjects had higher mean Japanese profile scores and lower Western profile scores than those of second generation. The Western dietary pattern was associated with BMI (p = 0.001), waist circumference (p = 0.023) and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05). We concluded that these scores were able to discriminate subjects who maintained their traditional Japanese lifestyle or otherwise, and that the incorporation of a Western lifestyle is associated to high values of BMI, waist circumference and presence of metabolic syndrome.


Descreve-se o uso da análise fatorial na avaliação dos hábitos alimentares de nipo-brasileiros. Utilizaram-se dados dietéticos de 1.283 participantes de estudo transversal. A partir de critérios estatísticos e do significado conceitual dos padrões identificados, geraram-se escores que definiram os perfis dietéticos (japonês ou ocidental). Empregou-se o teste t de Student pareado, os modelos de regressão linear e de Poisson para examinar as relações desses escores com, respectivamente, a geração, índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro abdominal e a presença de síndrome metabólica. Aqueles de primeira geração, em relação aos de segunda, apresentaram escores maiores para o perfil japonês e menores para o ocidental. O perfil ocidental relacionou-se com o IMC (p = 0,001), perímetro abdominal (p = 0,023) e a síndrome metabólica (p < 0,05). Conclui-se que os escores discriminaram sujeitos que mantêm ou não estilo de vida tradicional japonês e que a incorporação de hábitos ocidentais associou-se a maiores valores de IMC, perímetro abdominal e a presença de síndrome metabólica.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diet Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Eating/ethnology , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Life Style/ethnology , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Epidemiologic Methods , Japan/ethnology , Metabolic Syndrome , Waist Circumference/physiology
18.
Cad. saúde pública ; 26(6): 1141-1152, jun. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552368

ABSTRACT

Identificar fatores da linha de base preditores do alcance das metas do programa de intervenção no estilo de vida após 12 meses em população de nipo-brasileiros, empregando-se modelos de regressão logística ajustados. Em 2005, 321 participantes eram portadores de excesso de peso e houve maior chance [OR (IC95 por cento)] de alcance da meta de perda de peso após 12 meses entre mulheres [2,45 (1,33; 4,13)], indivíduos de maior idade [1,03 (1,00; 1,06)] e menor chance entre portadores de morbidades no início do estudo [0,33 (0,14; 0,77)]. Dos 261 indivíduos sedentários, o alcance da meta de atividades físicas foi inversamente relacionado ao exercício de atividades profissionais [0,40 (0,17; 0,95)]. Não se verificou fatores da linha de base associados ao alcance das metas do consumo de legumes, verduras e frutas e gorduras saturadas da dieta após 12 meses. Indivíduos de maior idade, mulheres, não portadores de morbidades e sem exercício de atividades profissionais na linha de base apresentaram maior chance de alcance das metas após 12 meses de intervenção no estilo de vida.


The aim of this study was to identify baseline factors associated with achieving goals after a 12-month lifestyle intervention program in a Japanese-Brazilian population, using adjusted logistic regression models. In 2005, 321 participants were overweight. The odds [OR (IC95 percent)] of reaching the goals after 12 months of intervention were directly related to female gender [2.35 (1.34, 4.13)] and older age [1.03 (1.00, 1.06)] and inversely related to baseline morbidity [0.33 (0.14, 0.77)]. Of the 261 sedentary individuals, achieving the goal for physical activity was inversely related to working [0.44 (0.17, 0.95)]. No baseline predictors were found for reaching the goal of fruit and vegetable consumption or saturated fat intake after 12 months. At baseline, women, older individuals, and individuals without diseases or not working showed increased odds of achieving the goals after 12 months of the lifestyle intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , /epidemiology , Life Style , Motor Activity , Nutritional Status , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Japan , Prevalence , Socioeconomic Factors
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 67(4): 1124-1132, Dec. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-536032

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis and incidence of spinocerebelar ataxias (SCA) is sometimes difficult to analyze due the overlap of phenotypes subtypes and are disorders of mutations caused by CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion. To investigate the incidence of the SCA in Southern Brazil, we analyzed the trinucleotide repeats (CAG)n at the SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6 and SCA7 loci to identify allele size ranges and frequencies. We examined blood sample from 154 asymptomatic blood donors and 115 individuals with progressive ataxias. PCR products were submitted to capillary electrophoresis. In the blood donors, the ranges of the five loci were: SCA1, 19 to 36 (CAG)n; SCA2, 6 to 28 (CAG)n; SCA3, 12 to 34 (CAG)n; SCA6, 2 to 13 (CAG)n; and SCA7, 2 to 10 (CAG)n. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected. In the ataxia group, we found (CAG)n above the range of the asymptomatic blood donors in SCA3 (21.74 percent) followed by SCA2 (5.22 percent), SCA7 (2.61 percent), SCA6 (0.87 percent), and no cases of SCA1. The remaining 80 cases (69.56 percent) have different diagnoses from the type here studied. These data defined the alleles and their frequencies, as well as demonstrated their stability in the population not affected. The molecular diagnosis test confirmed the clinical diagnosis in 28/45 cases and classified another 7/70 from the clinical unclassified ataxias group.


A incidência e o diagnóstico das ataxias espinocerebelares (SCA) é algumas vezes difícil de avaliar devido a sobreposição dos diversos subtipos e por algumas serem devido a mutações das expansões do mesmo trinucleotídeo CAG. Para investigar a incidências das SCA no sul do Brasil, analisamos as repetições do trinucleotídeo (CAG)n nos loci das SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6 e SCA7, a fim de identificar os seus limites e freqüência. Examinamos o sangue de 154 doadores de sangue assintomáticos e 115 pacientes com ataxias progressivas. O produto do PCR do sangue foi submetido a eletroforese capilar. Nos doadores de sangue, as expansões encontradas nos cinco loci foram: SCA1, 19 a 36 (CAG)n; SCA2, 6 a 28 (CAG)n; SCA3, 12 a 34 (CAG)n; SCA6, 2 a 13 (CAG)n; and SCA7, 2 a 10 (CAG)n. Não foi detectado desequilíbrio na equação de Hardy-Weinberg. No grupo das ataxias encontramos repetições CAG acima das freqüências dos doadores de sangue na SCA3 (21,7 por cento), seguido da SCA2 (5,22 por cento), SCA7 (2,61 por cento), SCA6 (0,8 por cento) e não foi encontrado nenhum caso de SCA1. Os 80 casos restantes (69,56 por cento) devem ter uma forma de ataxia diferente das aqui estudadas. Esses dados definem os alelos e suas freqüências, bem como demonstram a sua estabilidade na população não afetada. O diagnóstico molecular confirmou o diagnóstico clínico em 28/45 dos casos e permitiu classificar outros 7/70 que pertenciam ao grupo de ataxias clinicamente não classificadas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Gene Frequency/genetics , Proteins/genetics , Spinocerebellar Ataxias/genetics , Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion/genetics , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Electrophoresis, Capillary , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Spinocerebellar Ataxias/diagnosis
20.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(7): 865-873, out. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-531701

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever o hábito alimentar de nipo-brasileiros com e sem doença macrovascular (DMV). MÉTODOS: Definiu-se DMV, para 1.165 nipo-brasileiros, a partir de escores atribuídos ao histórico de saúde, eletrocardiograma e valores do índice tornozelo-braquial. Determinou-se o consumo alimentar habitual por meio de Questionário de Frequência do Consumo de Alimentos. RESULTADOS: A porcentagem de casos confirmados com DMV foi de 3,2 por cento, sendo semelhante entre os sexos. Observou-se, de forma estatisticamente significante, maior frequência de indivíduos com DMV (confirmados ou suspeitos) entre aqueles de primeira geração, com idade > 60 anos, tabagistas, com hipertensão arterial, hipertrigliceridemia e diabetes. Nipo-brasileiros com DMV (confirmados ou suspeitos) apresentaram menor perímetro do quadril e maior idade, pressão arterial sistólica, triglicérides, glicemia, consumo de alimentos fonte de ferro e menor fonte de fibras de grãos. Encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significante apenas para o consumo de gordura saturada (análise bruta: segundo terço versus primeiro terço). CONCLUSÕES: programas de educação nutricional devem ser incentivados neste grupo com alta prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the food intake of Japanese-Brazilians with and without macrovascular disease (MVD). METHODS: MVD was defined, for 1,165 Japanese-Brazilians, by scores attributed to the health historical, electrocardiogram and ankle-brachial index values. The usual dietary intake was determined using a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: The MVD prevalence was of 3.2 percent, being similar among genders. Statistically higher frequencies of individuals with MVD were observed among those of first generation, with age > 60 years, tobacco user, with hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes. Subjects with MVD were older, with smaller hip circumference, and higher systolic blood pressure levels, triglycerides and glycemia concentration; they informed higher consumption of iron source food and smaller of grains fibers. Statistically significant difference was found to saturated fat (crude analysis: second tercile versus first tercile). CONCLUSIONS: Programs of nutritional education should be stimulated in this group with high prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Anthropometry , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , Diet/ethnology , Epidemiologic Methods , Japan/ethnology , Nutritional Status , Risk Factors
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